State insurance laws and insurance company guidelines can vary but in general rates are not changed mid-term but instead when it is time to renew your policy.

A rise in rates due to being in an accident can also depend on the nature and severity of your vehicular accident and who is found to be at fault. A minor accident may be forgiven under state law or by an insurance company, especially if you are not found to be at fault. 

If instead you were at fault for a major accident with serious bodily injury there could be a dramatic increase in insurance rates or even a cancellation of coverage, subject to state law.

To find out when your premiums could go up and by how much after being involved in an accident, contact your current insurance provider for an explanation of their rating system. Also insurance companies must file their rates with the state's insurance regulator if you instead would like to contact them for information on your provider's rating system and find out about your state's insurance laws.