If your ticket in Texas was while you had a Texas license the infraction will typically show up on your driving record when your Minnesota based insurance company checks your previous driving history. If instead you are saying that you have a Minnesota license and while you were traveling through Texas when you received a speeding ticket, yes it is possible for that ticket to follow you back to Minnesota.
MN and TX are both part of the drivers license compact (DLC) which allows for the motor vehicle agencies to report tickets received out of state back to the home state. Either way you should pay the ticket because if you don't take care of the ticket properly your license could be suspended in one or both states.
Since the ticket will possibly make it onto your MN driving record your insurance company will likely see it and it could make an impact on your insurance rates. If it does affect your rates you can start to shop around for other auto insurance company's rates to hopefully find a more reasonable rate.