As a 17 year old driver in Illinois it would appear that you are in your initial licensing phase. Part of the restrictions under this part of the graduated licensing system includes a warning letter to parent and teen if convicted of any moving violation before age 18.
If you are convicted of 2 moving violations in a 24 month period will result in a minimum 1 month suspension. The suspension length may change depending upon the seriousness of the offenses and the driver' prior driving record.
Since Ohio and Illinois are part of the Driver's License Compact (DLC), Ohio should notify Illinois of this speeding ticket for 22 mph over the limit. The drivers section of the IL Secretary of State site does not mention specifically that out of state tickets are put on your driving record so you may want to contact them to find out.
If points are assessed, it would be 20 according to the Administrative Code Illinois Offense table. There it explains that all out of state convictions will be considered and coded exactly as IL vehicle code violations with the exception of the first digit being an 8.
You will have to contact the Ohio BMV and/or IL SOS to see if there is a way to keep this ticket off of your record and/or to keep the points from being assigned. As for insurance, it will depend upon your insurance company's rating system if this first speeding ticket will affect your premium rates or not. You can contact your insurance agent for information on the rating system.