Unfortunately since you did not have comprehensive coverage on your vehicle you are correct it is not covered for being stolen. You should still have informed your insurer of the vehicle being taken without your permission and find out from your insurance agent when you should cancel your policy on the vehicle.
State laws and insurance company guidelines can differ so that is why we recommend getting this information from your specific insurer. The insurance provider or the state may require you to keep insurance on the vehicle for a certain amount of time after the car is stolen, on the off chance that you vehicle is recovered.
If your stolen vehicle is recovered but is found to have caused damage to other vehicles when it was in the possession of the thief, typically you are not held liable for these damages. Normally to be held responsible for damages caused by your car, you would have to give the driver permission to operate the vehicle. Since a thief in your stolen vehicle was not giving permission by you, the owner, usually you would not be held responsible.
To get consumer information about this situation, beyond what your agent can tell you, try contacting your state's insurance regulator. If you acquire a new car and need an affordable auto insurance quote, start here with us.