Convictions of moving violations, such as speeding, affect your insurance rates since the conviction is placed on your motor vehicle record (MVR) so before you go to court for the ticket it should not affect you getting insurance or insurance rates.
Before the court date the citation for speeding cannot affect your premiums rates since it will not be placed on your driving record unless you are found guilty at your court date. Before this the court has this listed as a pending ticket and the thus your state's Department of Motor Vehicles should not be informed of the speeding offense.
If you are found not guilty when you appear in traffic court to fight the speeding ticket then the offense will not be placed on your driving record at all. Instead the ticket should be dismissed. If you are found guilty in court though then the speeding violation would be placed on your driver's history, which your insurance company could see and thus it could affect your rates when they next pull your MVR. Using your driving record is checked at the beginning of a policy and at renewal time.
If you are getting car insurance before your court date then this speeding offense should not affect your premiums at this time since you have not been convicted of the violation. If you wait to get insurance after your court date and you are found guilty then on an insurance application you would have to list this speeding violation and the insurer would see it on your driving record. It then would depend upon the insurer's rating system if this speeding conviction would affect your premium.