Once a car is registered as planned non-operation (PNO) in California, it cannot be driven, towed, or parked on a public highway or roadway for the entire year of registration.
If an owner plans to sell a PNO status vehicle in California, they will need to fully register it if they want potential buyers to test drive it or take it out on the road.
- A car listed as PNO in California cannot be parked on public roads or highways and must be parked in a private area. This means someone cannot test drive a vehicle with PNO status in California.
- If the vehicle is found operational or parked in a public area and the owner is cited, complete registration plus penalties for that year are due.
- Off-highway vehicles (OHV) must file for PNO status before the registration expiration date.
What is a planned non-operation (PNO) vehicle in California?
According to the California DMV, PNO status means the vehicle is non-operational. The California certificate of non-operation requires that the car not be driven, moved, towed or parked on public roads or highways for the entire registration year.
“A PNO is intended for vehicles that will not be operated or parked on public roads for a certain period of time, usually if a vehicle is not being used, being restored or in storage,” says Lauren McKenzie, senior agent with A Plus Insurance in Liberty, South Carolina.
The DMV says that if the vehicle is operated or parked where it may be subject to citation at any time, then total registration fees and penalties for that year become due.
Can I sell a car that is on PNO status in California?
Yes. You can sell a car listed as PNO, but it cannot be parked on a public street or test-driven by a potential buyer.
However, although the vehicle is in non-operational status, you may still be able to move it for one day under certain conditions. You can obtain a Vehicle Moving Permit (REG 172) from a California DMV office. Reasons for the one-day permit include a vehicle or smog inspection, a repair or alteration, permanent wrecking, or movement to a new storage space.
The one-day permit bypasses the need to reinstate full registration and no additional fees are required. That said, none of these purposes are related to someone test-driving a car in PNO status in California for potential purchase.
What steps do I need to take to sell my PNO car in California?
In order to sell a vehicle, a buyer must apply for a title transfer from the DMV and pay the transfer fee. A change in registered owner is considered a change in ownership and must be updated within 10 days with the DMV. A statement of facts (REG 256) is required for a transfer only if the vehicle is still non-operated.
Can a PNO vehicle be sold without removing the PNO status?
Yes, you can sell a vehicle with Planned Non-Operation (PNO) status in California without removing it from PNO. However, there are important considerations to keep in mind:
- No public road use: A PNO vehicle cannot be driven or parked on public roads. This restriction means potential buyers cannot test drive the vehicle on public streets unless it’s re-registered and insured.
- Smog certification: As the seller, you must provide a valid smog certificate. Obtaining this certificate may necessitate temporarily moving the vehicle. In such cases, you can obtain a one-day Vehicle Moving Permit from the California DMV, allowing limited operation for purposes like a smog check.
- Transfer of ownership: When selling, complete the necessary paperwork, including the title transfer and a Notice of Transfer and Release of Liability, to officially document the change of ownership.
- Buyer’s responsibilities: The buyer will be responsible for registering and insuring the vehicle before it can be legally operated on public roads.
It’s advisable to communicate the PNO status to potential buyers and discuss logistics, such as vehicle inspections and transportation, to ensure a smooth transaction.
How does the buyer register a PNO car in California after purchase?
Transfer fees are due within 10 days of the sale, and penalties are assessed if payment is not submitted to the DMV within 30 days of the sale. The DMV will accept PNO filings up to 60 days before registration expires or up to 90 days after registration expires. Make sure your address is up-to-date in the DMV’s system. Gather information like the license plate number and last five digits of the VIN. Fill out the form on the California DMV website.
You will also need a Certificate of Non-Operation (REG 102). If the vehicle is still not being operated or has only been moved on a permit, “current” should be entered in the “to: month, day, year” box on the REG 102 form.
Is a smog certification required to sell a PNO vehicle?
No, a smog check is not required for PNO vehicles in California. However, the new owner will be charged a smog transfer fee.
Can I drive a PNO car to the buyer or for a smog check?
No. PNO vehicles cannot be operated or parked on California roadways.
Check out our experts’ recommendations on what’s the cheapest car insurance in California.
Can the buyer of a PNO vehicle drive it away immediately after purchase?
If you plan on selling a vehicle to someone who wants to test drive it and then drive it away from where it is stored, you must remove the PNO status with the California DMV. This requires you to register and insure the car to be back on the road legally.
In other words, selling a car isn’t considered use of the vehicle, but the activities related to selling the car may be regarded as use.
If you want to allow someone to test drive a vehicle you intend to sell, contact the California DMV to find out what steps are needed to remove the PNO status.
Sources
State of California Department of Motor Vehicles. “Reporting Vehicle Status.” Accessed April 2024.
State of California Department of Motor Vehicles. “Planned Nonoperation Filing.” Accessed April 2024.
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